I’Ve Lived In The Same House My Entire Life, In Gardena

I’ve lived in the same house my entire life, in Gardena CA. I still live at home will I attend El Camino. I’m the youngest of 6 kids, and there was only 1 boy. I’m not very close to my 3 oldest siblings, I still currently live with my 2 of my siblings, who are directly above me in age (4 and 8 years older). By the time I was old enough to remember, my 3 oldest siblings were already old enough to start their own families, which they did. Erik Erikson has an 8 stage Theory for Child Development and I am going to write about my childhood using 5 of them. The ages that his Theory covers is from birth to age 21, but because I am 20 it will be until my current life. Erikson s first stage is Trust vs. Mistrust, which takes place from birth till†¦show more content†¦The Initiative vs. Guilt ranges from the ages 3-6. My dad worked crazy hours so I spent most of my time with my mom. My siblings were all in school or already moved out. I spent most of my time with my mom, so I talked and interacted more when I was just with her. I enjoyed helping with household things, i.e doing laundry, dinner, learning all my school basics – alphabet and number. I felt included with my mom, and my independences started showing around this age, as long as no one was around. If it was just my mom and me, I was very open and creative but I still never explored much on my own. By this stage, I hadn t grown completely out of my shyness so I remained very reclusive. I’m very independent and open now, creativity is my passion. I love to express myself, mostly through music. The Industry vs. Inferiority stage wasn’t the best one for me, ages 7-12. I hated school, I never wanted to go. I begged my mom every day to let me stay home, and would cry if she made me go. Once I got to school, though, I participated in a lot of the activities that went on. I was very advanced in school work, and knew most of the curriculum before I went to school; this also caused a lot of hate. In my mind, if I knew everything why did I have to go? I was on a dance team by age 8, played piano, karate, soccer, I wasn’t as shy anymore. Even though I was a part of teams at school, I never truly fit in and struggled with going

My Family - Original Writing - 914 Words

I was raised in Jellico, Tennessee, a quaint town bordering Kentucky with my parents, and three older sisters. My family was extremely religious up until I was nearly a teenager. My family attended church every week, in addition to leading the church youth group. One would be under the impression that the Hughes family was an exceedingly wholesome family that did little wrong, I was under this impression also. Being a white family in an old-fashioned town in both the south and the bible belt, this was not completely accurate. When I was still a young child, no older than ten, my paternal uncle taught myself and my youngest sister a derogatory noun that referenced to those descending from Africa. My sister and I, being children that had not learned right from wrong, repeated this word. I quickly realized that I was not scolded by my parents or older siblings for using this word, as I was for saying less harmful words such as â€Å"crap,† â€Å"fool,† â€Å"darn,† and â€Å"jerk.† Due to this, I was under the impression for multiple years that this word was inoffensive to any person. Soon I learned that this word was suitable for both home and school. Multiple classmates used the word often, and teachers either never noticed, or simply overlooked it. Ten years later, I am completely aware, no thanks to my family, that that word is unacceptable, and should never be repeated by a Caucasian person. Parents are not always aware of what is truly right for their children when it comes to how to treatShow MoreRelatedMy Family - Original Writing963 Words   |  4 PagesWhere was I expected to go now that my father no longer wanted me living in his house? I remember asking myself this question over and over. I had just been dropped off, back in my home town, at my grandparent’s house after a long and excruciatingly quiet car ride. I had sat in the backseat of my father’s SUV, not a single word spoken between us. The entire time all I had to think about was where I would go once we arrive at our destination. I can’t stay with my grandparent’s for the next two yearsRead MoreMy Family - Original Writing Essay1521 Words   |  7 PagesWhen I was younger, my mom would rent out our basement room to single people she would work with in the military. I personally loved it because it meant that there were more people around I could harass into playing with me. However, I was always confused when I would hear my grandparents berate my mother for letting â€Å"those people† into our home. I remained confused, until I asked my mother what they meant, and why they were so angry. She described to me how â€Å"old fashioned† my grandparents were andRead MoreMy Family - Original Writing966 Words   |  4 PagesI lived there for twelve years, it was all I ever knew. My parents got divorced right after I was born and I lived with my mom and my two sisters. My mom was tall and skinny with tan sk in, dark brown eyes and long brown hair. I felt like I never really knew her growing up though because she worked often. I was always left with my two sisters and occasionally with one of my mom’s many boyfriends. I was the youngest of my sisters. Eventually my mom found a decent man. His name was Steve and he was tallRead MoreMy Family - Original Writing1477 Words   |  6 Pagesneighbours were also my mum’s mum and her sister, a whole heap of my extended family were there. This included my cousins Grace and Mark, their parents, a few distant family members, and some I hadn’t even met before. Even though the house was overcrowded, I had a lot of fun. Soon it was getting late, and the adults were starting to get tipsy. Me, my sister, and my other cousins headed back to my house where we played with fake blood and makeup in our confined, second floor bathroom. My sister Ruby,Read MoreMy Family - Original Writing Essay1131 Words   |  5 Pagesin the morning. I stood in the doorway of my parent’s bedroom watching my parents crying their eyes out while yelling at my sister. How could this happen to you? Why did you want to do this? Why did I get a call from the cops at two in the morning saying that you were thinking about killing yourself, my mom yells, fiercely shaking in fear. I hate my life, my sister screams back at them practically swimming in her own tears. By this point, both of my brothers have awoken and are now standing alongsideRead MoreMy Family - Original Writing1016 Words   |  5 Pagesgrew up raised on religion, that’s all my family ever talked about; â€Å"What would the Lord want?† I loved having rules to live by and knowing that someone was watching over me. I brought religion to my own family. My wife and son, they knew how important religion was to me. It’s ironic how religion, the thing I loved so much, led me to this†¦ jail. I started hearing the voice a few months before I became trapped in this cell. The voice would ask me about my faith and told me that I had an importantRead MoreMy Family - Original Writing994 Words   |  4 PagesCalifornia with my parents, two brothers and one sister. My family was very close to each other, my neighbors were my three cousins. We were always outside playing soccer and told each other scary stories to see who was the scary cat of us all. Ever morning we walked to school with our ziplock bags with cereal and milk. Being just a little kid it never came to mind being apart from my cousins. Los Angeles is a very crowded ,fast living place to live in, and extremely expensive in cost of living. My motherRead MoreMy Family Vacation - Original Writing1935 Words   |  8 PagesAs families go, mine was what I thought of as normal – whatever normal may mean. We always took our summer family vacations in Durness in the Northwestern Highlands of Scotland. My Seanmh air, Skye Sutherland on my father’s side lived in a converted crofter cottage on the edge of the cliffs above the sea. The cottage is made of the same stone as the low walls near the cottage. I always loved going back each year to my father’s childhood home. The Highlands of Scotland were more than just theRead MoreMy First Family Reunion - Original Writing853 Words   |  4 Pagesperfect family photo, they imagine a family with fancy clothing, a bright sunny day, green grass and faces that have been enhanced. When my family takes photos they are not quite that picture perfect family that’s advertise but a family that goes deeper than perfection. I come from a fairly large family with five sisters, one brother and that includes my parents four grandchildren and one son-in-law. My sisters are in the middle row off to the left side, my brothers hand is wrapped around my motherRead More what i do when i write Essay727 Words   |  3 Pageswhen i write nbsp; nbsp; What I do when I write depends entirely on what Im writing, who Im writing for, and how soon it needs to be done. I have somewhat of a different approach to writing when the piece is for an assignment versus a work of original fiction. I prepare, pre-write, and proofread differently. However, some things remain the same. I still try to get the same amount of feedback from my peers, still put forth the same effort. Whether the work is for pleasure or for a grade

Code of Ethics Corporate Compliance Competence

Question: Describe about the Code of Ethics for Corporate Compliance Competence. Answer: 1: Sarbanes-Oxley Act was passed by the US Congress with the main aim of safeguarding the interest of the investors against the fraudulent accounting done by organizations. This Act has led to improvement in financial disclosures by organizations. The key provisions of Sarbanes-Oxley Act are: Each organization should adopt financial control measures. An organization cannot offer personal loans to its managers or directors. Senior management needs to certify the accuracy of the financial statements disclosed by an organization. In the case of violations, the senior managers will be subjected to penalties. It also specifies how the company records should be stored using Information and Technology (Diederichs, 2005). Each organization must disclose its code of conducts and its business ethics. It provides protection to employees that indulge in whistle-blowing. Establishment of independent accounting firms for the purpose of conducting audits for public companies. Procedures must be established for the handling complaints regarding matters related to accounting and auditing. Criminal penalties to be issued for interference in investigation or audit. Penalties to be issued for the destruction of documents. This Act has definitely benefitted the society. This Act has put a check on the corporate frauds that have the potential to harm the global stock markets (Diederichs, 2005). This Act has helped the investors to assess the organizations in a better way and helped in improving the internal processes within an organization. It has improved documentation, corporate governance, and financial reporting. It has helped to strengthen the control environment that encompasses the values of the organization, transparency in operations and execution of company policies. 2: Apart from making profits, an organization is accountable to its stakeholders and shareholders for their conduct. According to Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations, the organization's values, code of conduct, code of ethics, objectives, procedures and policies should be communicated to all employees. The presence of misconduct and unethical conduct leads to organizational penalties/ fines. According to the guidelines, officers or committees should be appointed to monitor the ethics/ compliance program (Adelstein Clegg, 2015). These officers/ committees are responsible for training the employees, ensuring proper communication, ensuring that the organization complies with the government regulations, developing audit/ control systems, taking actions for violation of ethics, reviewing revising the codes of conduct/ ethics etc. An internal system should be developed for employees for the purpose of reporting the misconducts that happen in the organization. Continuous revis ions and updates should be made in the ethics/ compliance program. Senior management should take ownership of the ethics/ compliance program. The audits should encompass privacy, fraud, discrimination, employee rights, legal compliance etc (Adelstein Clegg, 2015). Thus, these measures will help to prevent unethical behavior within an organization. If an organization is found guilty of unethical behavior, it is important to analyze if the organization is capable of paying a fine. Following elements act as aggravators for the penalty/ fine- previous history of unethical conduct, involvement in criminal activities, violation of government regulations etc. Following elements mitigate the penalty/ fine- self reporting regarding violation of law, prevalence of internal control system against standards of conduct, establishment of program for prevention of violation of law, cooperation with authorities conducting checks/ audits etc. For the mitigation of civil and criminal sanctions, evidence of the organizations good character needs to be given. 3: Corporate culture may be defined as the values, traditions, and beliefs that are passed from the upper-level management to the frontline executives in the form of manuals, memos, handbooks, forms etc. There are two dimensions that define the culture of an organization- concern for people i.e. for the wellbeing of the employees and concern for performance i.e. productivity of the employees (Edwards, 2003). Corporate culture plays a significant role in the ethical decision making within the organization. It is very important for the employees to understand the values of the organization and follow the code of conduct laid down by the organization. Yes, it is possible for an organization to gain profits and behave in a socially responsible manner. Irrespective of the market and industry in which a company operates, it should protect the environment from damage, use natural resources judiciously and reduce carbon footprints. Companies should regulate their conduct in the public interest. While earning profits and maintaining a position in the market, an organization should focus on CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility). CSR can be defined as the initiatives or practices adopted for the wellbeing of the society and sustenance of environment. Successful companies like Microsoft, Google, BMW, Apple, Daimler, Volkswagen, Sony etc. have strong CSR programs. These companies try to minimize the negative impact of their operations on the environment, ensure business ethics are followed, raise public awareness on certain social/ environmental issues, improve employee satisfaction, raise funds, and organize charity events (Levitt, 2005). A CSR report is published by companies that enlist the impact of company operations on the society/ environment, initiatives taken by the Research and Development department, code of ethics, employee empowerment, labor and human rights etc. Researchers suggest that organizations engaged in socially responsible activities gain a competitive advantage over its rivals. CSR helps to boost an organization's reputation. 4: The cause of the crisis that occurred on 2008 can be linked to greed. The managers withheld information, gave misleading advertisements and manipulated stock recommendations. There as a crisis of leadership in banks, rating agencies, government organizations etc. The presence of irrational/ unethical incentives can be credited to the occurrence of the crisis. This led to excessive risk taking and manipulation of stock prices. Lack of transparency in operations and non-disclosure of information to customers/ investors also led to the crisis of 2008. The subprime securities were classified as investment grade by the rating agencies. This happened due to incompetence and clash of interests (Gregoriou Lhabitant, 2011. Homeowners wanted to become rich overnight. Loans were given in large volumes. Politicians forced the banks to lend money to their acquaintances without checking their credit-worthiness and wanted to gain popularity. Financial firms committed fraud by selling securities backed by mortgage to investors. In order to prevent re-occurrence of such a crisis, it is very important to set ethical standards and ensure that there is no deviation in terms of ethics. An auditing committee should be established. Global ethical standards should be set that include values like- honesty, integrity, loyalty, respect for others, non-discrimination (Wildy, 2013). The committee should address issues like human rights, racial discrimination, bribery, use of harmful products, corruption, intellectual property rights, environmental pollution etc. Penalties or fines should be imposed in the case of violation of ethics. 5: An organization should take into account the social and environmental impact of its activities and decisions. An organization is answerable/ accountable to all its stakeholders (employees, customers, suppliers, investors, government) and shareholders. Primary stakeholders can be defined as those stakeholders that are involved in some economic transactions with the organization like employees, customers, investors, suppliers etc. Secondary stakeholders can be defined as those stakeholders that are not involved in economic transactions with the organization like the general public, support groups, media, government etc. Primary stakeholders are more important than the secondary stakeholders as they are directly affected by the actions and decisions of an organization (Zemite, 2016). It is the organizations responsibility to maximize value creation for all its stakeholders, shareholders and the general public for the sustenance of company reputation and market share. From the primary stakeholders, customers and employees have the highest importance followed by suppliers and investors. Customers are those primary stakeholders that buy the goods/ services provided by an organization and help the organization in generating revenues. An organization can enhance its customer base and increase their loyalty by maximizing the value creation either by providing products at a lower cost in comparison to its competitors or by providing high quality products and services. Employees work for an organization for remuneration. The effort put by the employees can be credited to the growth and success of an organization. Capital can be considered as the lifeline of an organization thus each and every investor is valuable to an organization (Roberts, 2009). Suppliers provide raw material and equipment/ machinery to an organization. Special groups play an instrumental role in changing corporate behavior when unethical behavior is reported. The issues taken up by s pecial groups/ pressure groups may range from working conditions to environmental pollution. References Adelstein, J. Clegg, S. (2015). Code of Ethics: A Stratified Vehicle for Compliance.J Bus Ethics. Diederichs, M. (2005). Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOA).CON,17(4-5), 301-304. Edwards, J. (2003). Individual and corporate compliance competence: An ethical approach.J Of Fin Reg And Compliance,11(3), 225-235. Gregoriou, G. Lhabitant, F. (2011). Is Greed Still Good? What Have Hedge Fund Managers and Investors Learned from the 2008 Crisis?.Wealth Management,14(2), 42-48. Levitt, A. (2005). Corporate Culture and the Problem of Executive Compensation.Journal Of Applied Corporate Finance,17(4), 41-43. Roberts, R. (2009). The Rise of Compliance-Based Ethics Management.Public Integrity,11(3), 261-278. Wildy, M. (2013). Teaching Global Ethical Standards: A Case and Strategy for Broadening the Accounting Ethics Curriculum.CFA Digest,43(5). Zemite, I. (2016). The Role of Stakeholders in Cultural Entrepreneurship Management.Economics And Culture,13(1).

The Doctrine of Capital Maintenance Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Doctrine of Capital Maintenance. Answer: The capital maintenance doctrine is the basic principal regulation orlaw of corporate law. It establishes the principals where a company must receive proper consideration for the shares and the amount of capital must paid to the members only who are shareholders as per the legislature. The company keeps the capital for the safety of the company creditors. The court assists for confirming that the share capital is using lawfully for buying the share for the company only (Bainbridge 2015). The doctrine was briefly describes in the landmark case Trevor v Whitworth (1887) where the House of Lords stated that a company could not keep its own shares, because it would decrease the capital of the company. This is also stated such affects that the members might not receive any capital without a deduction in capital as authorized by the court (Ferran Ho 2014). In the Flitcrofts Case, Jessel M.R. mentioned the above-mentioned essential features of the doctrine. It describes the essential attributes: a company has no rights to buy its own shares. Shareholders of a company are bound to the payments of dividends shares. It is restricted from providing any financial support to buy its own shares. Therefore, the doctrine also outlines the legal rules relating to the deduction in the company reserves or share capital. In Australia, the Capital Maintenance doctrine has contained in the Australian corporatelaw under section 256A, 256 C of the Corporations Act 2001. The provision duty of this act is to protect the interest of the creditors and the shareholders and ensuring fair dealings between them. Section 256 C of the Act stipulates that the share capital of a company can be redeemed provided the shareholders approve it and it does not hinder the ability of the company to make payments to them (Hamermesh 2014). In the sec 256C of the Corporation Act stated that the capital amount of share profit of the company must be decrease when the shareholder allows the capital amount. In 256B of the Corporation Act stated the exceptions of doctrines where company can reduce the share capital and the sec 257A allow the company to buy its own shares but there are some terms and conditions applied (Hannigan 2014). The exceptions applicable to the doctrine under section 256 B allow the company to reduce share capital of the company and section 257 A permits the company to buy back its own shares. The introduction of more transparent and effective capital system has outweighed the outdated capital system. It make sure the better protection to the creditors as it provides impartial and more accurate information to the creditors that allows the creditors to evaluate the capability of the company to pay debts. Reference Bainbridge, S. (2015).Corporate Law. West Academic. Ferran, E., Ho, L. C. (2014).Principles of corporate finance law. Oxford University Press. Hamermesh, L. A. (2014). Consent in Corporate Law. Hannigan, B. (2015).Company law. Oxford University Press, USA. Kawano, L. (2014). The dividend clientele hypothesis: Evidence from the 2003 tax act.American Economic Journal: Economic Policy,6(1), 114-136. Lazonick, W. (2014). Profits without prosperity.Harvard Business Review,92(9), 46-55. Levy, A. B. (2013).Private corporations and their control(Vol. 11). Routledge. Petty, J. W., Titman, S., Keown, A. J., Martin, P., Martin, J. D., Burrow, M. (2015).Financial management: Principles and applications. Pearson Higher Education AU.

Music Macro Environment free essay sample

Taking classical music as an example the complete opposite can be observed. Here, only 1 1 % of young people listen to it, whereas it is the second highest n he 65+ category. (Taylor, 2009) Figure 2. [2] (Taylor, 2009) This is important for the music industry to know, as there is a change of generations in our society today. While the earths population is getting older and older, but not enough children are born, there might be a change in music interests. However, it is not empirically proven that as soon as one gets old, one automatically starts listening to classical or country music. The first category generation in the figure below, will most likely take their music tastes with them and the generation after that will probably have different tastes. Regulatory In the Netherlands, the law allows downloading. People can copy a CD, DVD etc. , but thats only for personal use. Watching a downloaded movie with a group of people is not allowed. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Macro Environment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even though the downloading is legal, the use of it is sometimes illegal. (Mixed. Nil, 2004-2009) Stitching Brain is an anti-piracy organization that fights for the rights of authors, publishers, performers, distributors and producers of music, film, books etc. BRAIN, 201 1) In the Netherlands there is a music copyright organization called Bum/Stemma. It consists of two organizations: Bum association and Stemma Foundation. They each have their own board, but they have their meetings together. Music is property of composers and writers. If people want to use their music, they have to pay for it. Burn/Stemma receives this money and gives it back to the affiliated music composers and writers. Bum/Stemma is founded to protect music copyright. When someone makes a new and original song, its his or her intellectual property.Music copyright needs to be covered by this concept of intellectual property. Music authors have the right to exploit their music so that they can earn money. They have to give others permission to use their sic. Music authors are allowed to ask for money if others use their music. Music authors have a personal connection with their music. They can object someone who wants to change the music drastically or if someone uses their music in a movie that they think is dubious. The performing artists and the producers also have their rights.They can ask for compensation if someone else performs their song, if a song is involved when CDC and records are produced, and if their song is played on the radio. These rights remain for fifty years after the first performance or production. Music copyright remains until seventy years after the death of the music author. (Bum/Stemma, n. D. ) According to section 13 of the Copyright Act, downloading of copyrighted digital content is like copying. Every form of downloading is making a copy. The right holder must give permission if someone wants to copy his content.Downloading is legal if someone wants to use it privately. It is regulated in sections bob and ICC Of the Copyright Act. Consumers are allowed to download content from peer to peer networks, websites and social networks, without the permission of the right holder. Anyone is allowed to make a copy or private use only if it fulfills the following conditions: Firstly, the content must be made by natural persons and not by businesses, institutions or organizations. Secondly, the content may not be for direct or indirect commercial aim. Thirdly, the content must be only for private practice, study or use.Also, the number of copies is limited. (Hugged et al. 2009) Economic It is a truth universally acknowledged that a lot of people use peer-to-peer file sharing and illegal downloads to obtain wished albums or singles and one could wonder how this influences the music sector. In general, the change room the physical distribution to digital distribution can be observed clearly throughout the years. In 2006, 307 million Euros were made by selling CDC (could also contain Alps and tapes), whereas in 2011 it had declined by 7. 4 % to 201 million Euros.At a closer look, one can see the biggest decline in the singles market where the total of sold singles only made a 1 million Euros profit. Compared to 5 years earlier, music videos also declined a lot; to 21 million Euros compared to 53 million 5 years earlier. There has also been a change with the albums, but not as radical as with the other two parts of the hysterical market Even though the amount earned on albums in 2011 is almost half of what was made in 2005, it is safe to say that people still like having an actual physical thing in their hands. Figure 2. (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2009) As stated above, the opposite can be observed with the digital distribution. Compared to the Start Of the Internet era in 2005, the increase Of music bought online is major. The sales went from 5 million Euros to 40 millions, which means an increase of 200%. This total is divided into two parts, namely the Internet and mobile phones. As stated in the chapter about the genealogical changes, not only the Internet has become more prominent, but the opportunities that phones now provide us with enable us to buy and download music through these mediums, too.This means that in 201 1 10 million Euros were gained through purchases via mobile phones. (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2009) Figure 2. 4 (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2009) It should be noted that the figures used from 2009 and further on are only estimations and not actual figures. Technological New technology has been responsible for the growth of the music industry. First it was the LIP that everybody wanted, after the LIP the stereo dominated. A whole new market came to life with prerecorded cartridges and cassettes. But in the beginning of the 21st century, CDC dominated unit sales, leaving cassettes and Alps behind.But since the last four years, Internet is a big part of buying music. But it is not only buying music. Internet is also used for downloading the music illegally or only listening to the music on the Internet. (Cigarillos ; Scheme, 2003) The digitization of the consumption of music is still growing. The increase in the digital market is very important. Digitization has been influencing consumption, production, creation, striation, and also the artist, record company, publisher, live entertainment and consumer.The behavior of the consumer has changed because of technologies. Because of digitization, there is more globalization. The Dutch music industry benefits from the economies of scale of countries like the United States and Great Britain, who have been very successful internationally. Long tail and niche markets are easily accessible and inexpensive. Digital files are 24/7 on demand available for the consumer. Upcoming talent can upload tracks. The costs for the production of digital according are much lower.Retail costs can be saved by direct sale to consumers (online stores, download portals, artists websites) and online selling (tracks, CDC, DVDs, rhinestones, realtors, wallpapers, tickets, merchandise). Internet distribution is almost for free and environmentally friendly because products dont have to be transported. Promotion can also be used in a cheaper and easier way (social media, blobs, e-marketing). More and more artists are actively using international digital opportunities. They launch themselves through social networks such as Youth, Twitter, Backbone, Linked. The fans can just as well be living abroad. Through these social networks, fan sites and music sites, the consumer is accessible. There is new and direct contact. The consumer has opportunities for individualizing and customizing (buy individual tracks, make playbills, make CDC with their own personal choice of music, upload their own content or participate in a co- production). Foreign music is already available, fans dont need to wait for the release in their own country. It is possible to experience digital performances (bedposts, voodooist, audio or video streams).An active fan can provide rendition for the artist via the Internet. (Karaoke ; Fiction, 2009) Figure 2. 5. 1 (Exam, LILTS, 2007) Socio-Cultural The music industry has a lot of targeted genres that appeal to different kind of people. Those genres often subdivide. For example, rock music can split into soft rock, pop rock, heavy metal, modern rock, alternative rock, industrial, techno, punk, ask and jam bands. Music is one of the instances in which audiences are able to see and hear cultural products from outside the country. English pop and rock have had a strong presence and influence since the sass. Its easier for musicians from the Netherlands and other countries to break into the biggest music market in the world, the US market, because they are able to use social media and the Internet. People have more access to listen to different genres. They dont have to rely on the radio or the music shop. (Starboard et al. 2011) Figure 2. 53 (Exam, LILTS, 2007) Figure 2. 5. 2 (Exam, LILTS, 2007) Lots of music has influences from earlier music. There is also a lot of music that is influenced by new sources of music such as African and Asian music. Many cultures have their own styles of classical music and popular music.

Free Essays on What Is The Catholic Teaching Concerning Conscience. When Does Conscience Come Into Play In Making Moral Decisions.

One of the most important things in out lives is the ability to make decisions. They can range from small, insignificant choices like what to have for lunch or can be career decisions that could change the course of your life. But one thing is for certain. Many people take the liberty of making decisions for granted. In countries like Australia we have almost full decision making ability. Whereas in countries that are experiencing political or economic turmoil many people cannot make decisions because they are not allowed. So from this we can say that decision making is one of Gods most valuble gifts to us. But decision making is not always a blessing. Some decisions may affect us emotionally. These are decisions that concern moral issues. Moral issues are all about the right thing to do, and the wrong thing to do. Moral decisions may be about whether you should get drunk with some friends or have sex with a person at a party. They are hard decisions to make and often you can be tempted by peer group pressure or similar pressures. Moral Decisions are a really good test of a persons willpower. But we have one gift to help us with decisions. It is our conscience. Our conscience is the voice that tells you the right thing to do in most situations. Using your conscience may be reffered to as your gut feeling, or listening to your heart. Either way it is a voice from deep within you that knows right from wrong and it often pays to listen to it.. The church sees the conscience as the voice of the true self and something that must be followed. They teach that the conscience is a valuble gift from God and you should follow it because it will not lead you astray. You can rely on your conscience to make the right decision. Not nessesarily the decision that is best for you. But the decicion that is morally right. But as anything else that is human. The conscience can go astray. There are situations where a conscience may become distorted t... Free Essays on What Is The Catholic Teaching Concerning Conscience. When Does Conscience Come Into Play In Making Moral Decisions. Free Essays on What Is The Catholic Teaching Concerning Conscience. When Does Conscience Come Into Play In Making Moral Decisions. One of the most important things in out lives is the ability to make decisions. They can range from small, insignificant choices like what to have for lunch or can be career decisions that could change the course of your life. But one thing is for certain. Many people take the liberty of making decisions for granted. In countries like Australia we have almost full decision making ability. Whereas in countries that are experiencing political or economic turmoil many people cannot make decisions because they are not allowed. So from this we can say that decision making is one of Gods most valuble gifts to us. But decision making is not always a blessing. Some decisions may affect us emotionally. These are decisions that concern moral issues. Moral issues are all about the right thing to do, and the wrong thing to do. Moral decisions may be about whether you should get drunk with some friends or have sex with a person at a party. They are hard decisions to make and often you can be tempted by peer group pressure or similar pressures. Moral Decisions are a really good test of a persons willpower. But we have one gift to help us with decisions. It is our conscience. Our conscience is the voice that tells you the right thing to do in most situations. Using your conscience may be reffered to as your gut feeling, or listening to your heart. Either way it is a voice from deep within you that knows right from wrong and it often pays to listen to it.. The church sees the conscience as the voice of the true self and something that must be followed. They teach that the conscience is a valuble gift from God and you should follow it because it will not lead you astray. You can rely on your conscience to make the right decision. Not nessesarily the decision that is best for you. But the decicion that is morally right. But as anything else that is human. The conscience can go astray. There are situations where a conscience may become distorted t...

Learning team Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Learning team - Research Paper Example Also, the ever growing complexity of the application software has resulted in large costs in software distribution to the end-users. . Through the use of Application Service Provider models, Riordan Manufacturing Company has been able to minimize costs and complexities of software. Additionally, the upgrading issues have been removed from the end firm by putting the onus on the Application Service Providers in order to maintain updated series. The company’s information technology outsourcing through the use of application service provider models has enabled the company to realize a rapid growth and reduce the costs of IT applications for her electronic -commerce implementation. The company adopted the use of ASP outsourcing model due to her limited budget in Information Technology. The use of Application Service Providers Outsourcing model has several advantages as compared to Traditional or partial outsourcing models. These successes include: the integration issues of application software are eliminated from the sit, reduced software application charges since the costs are spread over the customers, the possibility of vendors building more software application experiences, the main application software systems are kept updated and their performances managed by experts, and improved software scalability, reliability, availability and security of the information technology systems. This paper compares the common traditional information technology outsourcing models with the Application Service Provider Outsourcing models. It can be concluded that the ASPs comes with many benefits as compared to the traditional outsourcing models, hence should be

Negotiations Resolution & Conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Negotiations Resolution & Conflict - Essay Example Understanding the history of Northern Ireland demands the analysis of the peace process which has generally been attributed to the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) cease fire in 1994. It was this notable development that ended most of the violence and the signing of the Belfast Agreement in an effort to end the thirty years of political stalemate and sectarian violence. The chaos which were facing the region as of that time were a product of political disagreement between the political parties and in particular the nationalist Social Democratic and labor party (SDLP) which was been led by John Hume and Sinn Fein (SF) closely associated with PIRA. Political differences between the unionist and the republicans had been triggered by disagreement regarding formation of a union between Northern Ireland and Great Britain on one hand and the formation of a united Ireland on the other hand (Hennessey, 2001, p. 45). The major goal of the negotiators in the Northern Ireland peace process was ending the violence that had hit the region for 30 years. This as the parties realized, could only be achieved through a campaign aimed at permanently ending the use and support of paramilitary violence. On the part of the unionist, creation of a united Ireland would not be a good move based on a number of factors and in particular religious factors. The unionist argued that formation of a united Ireland would give the Catholic Church excessive power over the non Catholics. On the other extreme, the republicans led by the Provisional IRA wanted the formation of a united Ireland and the release of republican prisoners who were been held by the Irish government. On February, 22, 1995, a three day ceasefire was announced by the provisional IRA and this was followed by disputes over the permanence of ceasefire as declared by PIRA. These disputes were mainly centered on those parties which were still using paramilitaries and

Tocqueville's Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Tocqueville's Philosophy - Essay Example Tocqueville observes that the society’s change from a feudal aristocracy to a democracy only serves to deepen and sharpen the democratic man’s psychological state. Both the underlying equality logic and the impacts of the disintegration of the feudal aristocratic state serve to fan the anxiety that is latent in the man’s situation by contributing onto the status obsession (Tocqueville, 124). Tocqueville argues that the aristocratic period placed horizons and boundaries around and before all by linking everyone from the lowly peasant to the highly placed king in one single chain. This system served to permanently place men in both their social and historical place. This is because aristocratic men always preserve an overall historical awareness of their ancestors as well as their descendants. In this kind of society, each of the existing classes is permanently firmly limited and each subject is assigned a fixed station that is often in a hierarchical manner that serves to ensure that there will always be a person above him who will accord him the necessary protection as well as another one underneath him whose help may sometimes be required (Tocqueville 173). Democracy serves to radically impose itself, breaking the preexisting links thus freeing each and every link available. In the equality age, men do not have to contend with any preexisting boundaries instead the new system opens newly available opportunities that accord them a chance at wealth accumulation and social mobility. The French philosopher Tocqueville embarked on a very ambitious task when he decided to pen a book on Democracy in America. He gave himself this task having seen the unsuccessful attempts to have democratic governance in his native home so he wanted to gain valuable insights on how democracy works by studying a prosperous and stable democracy.

Types of Credit Facilities Offered by Commercial Banks

Types of Credit Facilities Offered by Commercial Banks The commercial banks are the most important player in the banking system. As at the end of December 2010, there were 9 domestic and 14 locally incorporated foreign commercial banks (BNM, 2011). Below is the list of licensed commercial banks as at 31 December 2010:- Commercial banks (Locally owed) Affin Bank Berhad Alliance Bank Malaysia Berhad AmBank (M) Berhad CIMB Bank Berhad EON Bank Berhad Hong Leong Bank Berhad Malayan Banking Berhad Public Bank Berhad RHB Bank Berhad Commercial banks (Foreign owed) Bangkok Bank Berhad Bank of America Malaysia Berhad Bank of China (Malaysia) Berhad Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ (Malaysia) Berhad Citibank Berhad Deutsche Bank (Malaysia) Berhad HSBC Bank Malaysia Berhad Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Malaysia) Berhad J.P. Morgan Chase Bank Berhad OCBC Bank (Malaysia) Berhad Stardard Chartered Bank Malaysia Berhad The Bank of Nova Scotia Berhad The Royal Bank of Scotland Berhad United Overseas Bank (Malaysia) Bhd. Commercial banks offer various types of credit facilities to SMEs. There are working capital loans, fixed assets facilities and trade financing facilities. Besides that, Credit Guarantee Corporation (M) Scheme also offered by participating commercial banks. Credit Guarantee Corporation was established with the purpose to help Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) without or with insufficient collateral to obtain credit facilities by commercial banks (Telekom Malaysia Berhad, 2010). CGC is participating with commercial banks which include Malayan Banking Berhad, RHB Bank Berhad, AmBank Berhad, CIMB Bank Berhad, EON Bank Berhad, Affin Bank Berhad and OCBC Bank Berhad (Business Loan for SME, 2011). Working capital loans is available to finance the shortfall in working capital requirement such as bank overdraft and revolving credit. (Eddie, 2006) Overdraft facility is convenience SMEs to draw additional funds immediately from current account (Eddie, 2006). Besides, the facilities fast in raising capital to operation for business and making investment. Bank overdraft has no fixed repayment schedule, interest will charged when the funds are utilised and no commitment fee for individual applicants on overdraft amounts of RM250,000 and below (Public Bank Berhad, 2011). Revolving credit is a working capital facility normally helpful as short term working capital funding. Borrowers can decide to either repay the full amount or renew the loan tenure by servicing of the interest at the end of the loan period. For SMEs borrower, commercial banks allow the flexibility of drawing funds as and when required, the repayment period is over 1 to 6 months term. A part that, SMEs can choose to repay in full upon maturity or to pay only the interest but the minimum amount of RM100,000 (Public Bank Berhad, 2011). Table 2.1 Asset conversion cycle Days Debtors credit terms 90 Inventory turnover 60 150 Less: Creditors credit terms 60 Asset conversion cycle 90 If the forecasted sales turnover is RM5 million, then the Working Capital Requirement will be 90/365 x RM5.0 million = RM1.23 million For the purpose of fixed assets financing is to finance property, plant and equipment acquisition and also cost of construction for factory and shop house. Term loan, leasing and hire purchase are the credit facilities types of the capital expenditure financing (Public Bank Berhad, 2011). A term loan is a fixed amount of loan from a bank for a period of time and repaid according to specific repayment schedule. The borrowers must be able to manage the cash flow effectively for repayment the loan (Public Bank Berhad, 2011). Trade financing helps to control the companies trade transactions and international business community. There are two group of trade financing which are local purchases or sales, import or export services. For local purchases and import services, Public Bank Berhad providing the number of credit facilities which are letter of credit, trust receipt, bankers acceptance and bankers guarantee. For local sales and export services offering bankers acceptance, bankers guarantee, bills of exchanged purchased and export credit refinancing (Public Bank Berhad, 2011). Credit Guarantee Corporation (M) Scheme includes Credit Enhancer Scheme and Direct Access Guarantee Scheme. Credit Enhancer Scheme eligibility must be Malaysian owned, borrower must have favourable financial record and business enterprises based on the definition of SMEs. Type of facilities offered by Credit Enhancer Scheme is term loan, Overdraft and all type of trade facilities. Total loan amount up to RM10 million. Guarantee cover has 2 portions which is secured and unsecured. The BLR rate is 6.3% (RHB Banking Group, 2011). Maximum interest rate for each guarantee cover percentage bond for Credit Enhancer Scheme as follows: CGC Guarantee Cover Effective Rate 100% BLR 80% 100% BLR + 1.00% 70% 80% BLR + 1.25% 60% 70% BLR +1.75% 50% 60% BLR + 2.00% à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ 50% Free to quote Table 1: Interest rate according guarantee cover percentage According to past researcher Daniel Dusanjh, Direct Access Guarantee Scheme can be obtained in CIMB, Maybank and Ambank. Credit facility is range from RM50,000 to 3 million. The interest rates for DAGS ranges from 1.00% to 1.75% + BLR. Past researcher Daniel (2009) said that CIMB Bank offers credit facility under Government Assistance Scheme which is Fund for Small and Medium Industries and . In addition, CIMB Bank also provides Small Entrepreneur Guarantee Scheme. Fund for Small and Medium Industries 2 and New Entrepreneurs Fund 2 eligibility criteria include business enterprises based on definition of SMEs, shareholder fund could not more than RM2 million, public listed and government link companies shareholding not more than 20%. In addition, the Malaysian resident shareholding must at least 51% and the SMEs not exceeding 7 years in operation if more than 7 years in operation banks will consider provided average net profit over the last 3 years. The interest rate for FSMI 2 is 4% to 6% based in risk assessment of SMEs. Credit facility is range from RM50,000 to RM5million. Credit facility could be term loan and overdraft and maximum term of 5 years (CIMB Bank Berhad, 2011). Small Entrepreneur Guarantee Scheme offers much different terms, maximum loan amount is RM50,000 with an interest rate of 1.5% per annum + BLR. It should be noted that this scheme covers much micro businesses (CIMB Bank Berhad, 2011). 2.1.2 Singapore Commercial banks in Singapore offer various types of credit facilities to small and medium sized enterprises, including working capital financing, fixed assets financing, specialized financing, trade financing and government assistance scheme. Working capital financing is vital for the growing business. The purpose is to finance the everyday business operations. A number of general types include factoring loans that give credit for account receivables, overdrafts facility utilized when business make payment exceeding the balance in current account, and revolving loans that the loan amount can be re-borrowed (Government of Singapore, 2009). Factoring loan is an account receivables sold to bank for immediate cash. A charge of 1-3% levied on gross invoice value or an interest of 5-8% per annum. Most of commercial banks in Singapore have this type of loan such as DBS Bank Ltd, HSBC Private Bank (Suisse) SA and Malayan Banking Berhad (Government of Singapore, 2009). Bank overdraft is the cash ready for any business need and also means that withdraw from bank exceed the available balance. Interest charge for bank overdrafts are normally 1-2% above prime rates. Most of commercial banks in Singapore have this type of loan such as DBS Bank Ltd, HSBC Private Bank (Suisse) SA, Malayan Banking Berhad, Standard Chartered Bank and United Overseas Bank Limited (Government of Singapore, 2009). Revolving credit is loan sum available for fixed period during which amounts repaid may be re-borrowed. For revolving credit, company assets such as machinery may have to be provided as collateral. . Most of commercial banks in Singapore have this type of loan such as DBS Bank Ltd, HSBC Private Bank (Suisse) SA, Malayan Banking Berhad, Standard Chartered Bank and United Overseas Bank Limited (Government of Singapore, 2009). For fixed asset financing, commercial banks offer commercial, industrial and property loans. Like hire purchase is the most common loans for fixed asset financing, the purpose is to finance the business property, machinery and motor vehicles. During the settlement of hire purchase loans, banks will hold the legal rights over the asset until fully repaid. The commercial banks can finance up to 90% of equipment price (Standard Chartered Bank, 2011). Specialized financing is the loans are aimed for sector specific SMEs such as shipping, real estate or dealership. Maybank provide the loans of car dealership and vessel (Maybank, 2011). Another way, OCBC Bank offer shipping, real estate and commercial property loans. In Singapore, government assistance scheme separate to 2 groups which are local enterprises financial scheme and internationalization finance scheme. Local enterprises financial scheme is typically granted for modernization and upgrading the plant and equipment, expanding the manufacturing capacity. Working capital loans facilities and fixed assets financing loans facilities are available under local enterprises financial scheme. Working capital loans include Micro Loan Program and Loan Insurance Scheme. For the Micro Loan Program, maximum loan amount up to S$100,000. This type of loan is unsecured term loan and the loan term is from 1 to 4 years. The minimum of interest rate is 5.5% per annum. Eligibility of this type of loan with no more than 10 employees and the SME must incorporated in Singapore with no less than 30% shareholding (OCBC Bank, 2011). Loan insurance scheme offers an option access to funding for local enterprises through the use of loan insurance (UOB Bank, 2011). This type of scheme do not have limit amount but the insurer has veto right over S$1 million. Now, the government would focus in improving loan insurance schemes to assist small and medium enterprises (Ryan, 2011). In Malaysia, there are several procedures and condition needed for SMEs in obtaining loan. The loan application process generally has three broad stages. These are business plan preparation, the submission of the loan application and the assessment of the loan application (Banking Info, 2011). First stage is preparing the business plan, commercial banks will require information regarding the company before they make decision whether to grant a loan to it. It is essential to provide the full and complete information on the company, the reason is to ensure the loan processing complete smoothly. For a small and medium enterprise, the preparation of a business plan is significant. Business plan is outlining the vision and how the companies manage to achieve the objective. In the business plan, the written must be simple and clear (Banking Info, 2011). Second stage is the application process, to accelerate the application process, applicant should send a suitably completed loan application form together with the business plan and all appropriate documents as required by the commercial banks. Loan application forms and loan application checklists are different in each commercial bank. Although the application forms and checklists are different but required document more or less the same for verification and evaluation (Banking Info, 2011). According to Chuah Mei Lin, there are two checklists provided by commercial for SMEs applicant. The first checklist written down the general types of documents and data required and second checklist setting out the more specific documents or information required for the kind of application facilities. She said that the banks will ask for additional information and documents if get insufficient data (SME Corp, 2010). The following is the documents required for the loan application:- Statutory Documents for Corporation Memorandum and articles of association Certificate of incorporation (Form 9) Return of allotment of shares (Form 24) Register of directors (Form 49) Copies of directors or guarantors IC Form J of directors or guarantors Documents for Partnership and Sole Proprietorship Business registration and license Income tax return Form J of partner or proprietor Financial and Management Documents 3 years audited financial statements (certified by auditors for non corporations) 6 months current account statement provided by other financial institutions All borrowings disclosure and letter offer by other financial statements Loan repayment statement utilisation from other financial institutions Business and cash flow projection Major customers and suppliers list Receivables and Creditors Aging Most up-to-date management accounts Feasibility report (for project financing and new ventures) Company and directors profile, business plan Apart on above documents provided, small and medium enterprises also require prepare the security documents such as valuation report, photocopy of sale and purchase agreement and relevant collateral such as land title deed. Other relevant documents such as invoices and commercial document, documents to prove other source of income also need to submit to commercial banks (Banking Info, 2011). Commercial banks could perform interviews and carry out a site visit to business premises for the intention of understands the business and clarification. This is to facilitate the commercial banks to verify and measure companys financial position (Banking Info, 2011). The last stage is assessment of the loan application. Commercial banks will access the credit application after the borrower submission all the documents required. For assessment the loan application, commercial banks would view for certain basic requirements, for example the business viability, capacity to make repayment for loan application, whether the loan application is for business development, and credit history with commercial banks and to assess whether the risks are acceptable. Besides, commercial banks will also assess for the businesss credit risks that are called 5Cs, character, capital, capacity, conditions and collateral. Commercial banks will analysis 5Cs to decide approval or rejected the loans (Banking Info, 2011). According to Chuah Mei Lin, commercial bank will use 14 to 30 days to process the application depend on the size of the loans. If commercial bank approves the loan application, they will issue a letter offer to the applicant within three working days (SME Corp, 2010). A letter offer will state the term and conditions. The borrower should understand all the term and condition write down in letter of offer. The common term and condition include periods for repayment and payment in default, submission of financial statements, while the company change the nature of the business and the requirement of the borrower After the loan approved, the borrowers can utilised it within 5 working days. If decline offer, the companies can appeal against facilities (Banking Info, 2011). 2.3 PROBLEM FACED BY SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN OBTAINING LOAN SMEs have difficulty in obtaining credit facilities from commercial banks when compared to large industries during crisis period even in normal period. The main reason always is low profitability earn by commercial banks. Almost all commercial bankers in the world will interest in the profitability business. Since loaning is the principle activity of a banks and it is its responsibility to make sure that all monies lent out are collectible. As such, commercial banks make sure that the creditworthiness of borrower will repaid the loan through assessing the information provided by applicants. (Anna, 2008) During global economic crisis, loans will be difficult to obtain especially risky loans will become increasingly strict (Factoring Financing Articles, 2011). This is bad news for SMEs since they form the riskiest borrowers. Due to the loan condition of commercial banks too strict, SMEs faced the problem in obtaining loan (Hongbo and Xiaojie , 2009). Insufficient collateral and social guarantee system In Malaysia, some small and medium enterprises do not qualify to obtain credit facility from commercial banks. Such as lack of collateral which is the big issue in obtaining credit facilities from commercial banks. The low value of outdated equipment is difficult to collateral as the credit facilities. (Kian Seong, 2010). Collateral is essential because it decrease the credit risks of commercial banks. In Singapore, Gabriel (2009) said that small and medium enterprises are facing problem in securing essential loans. For unprecedented crisis facing by SMEs, the government assistance schemes still do not far enough and not suitable. But the real problem is the commercial banks unwilling to lend the loan under government scheme because they reluctant pay the cash first. Although the government willing bear 50 to 80 percent of risks but the government guarantee portion is difficult to claw back. But if the borrower cannot pay up, the government agreed to bear the risk for the portion of loans. Most of the SMEs companies need working capital financing that is cash overdraft. For working capital loans, government assistance scheme usually do not seem to provide. In China, when SMEs applying loan who face strict condition for mortgage (Hongbo Duan, Xiaojie Han Hongbo Yang, 2009). Customers asset mortgage as the basis of the commercial banks decided whether to approve the loan application. It means that SMEs insufficient collateral assets, and cannot be effectively secured. Most of SMEs do not meet up the conditions of the collateral assets. SMEs always have lack of plant and equipment for collateral through the view of enterprise asset structure. For the moment of the loan application, the equipments are outdated, the collateral value of which is relatively low (Jiantuo, 2007). Another problem faced by SMEs is the enterprises property legal rights, it is because a huge number of SMEs is having the joint cooperation. This joint cooperation will lead to the ownership of property, plant and equipment and other real estate property not apparent. Therefore, the fixed assets do not used as loan mortgage. Simultaneously, due to the high cost and complicated process of mortgage register, the SME get that guarantee from mortgage will much more difficult (Xiao Li, 2003). To carry out the protection act, SME loan guarantee must refers to the method of assurances of the debt agreement. The warrants credit is increased when all the way through utilize of third-party credit with reward. At that moment, both sites credit can turn to a balance and the capital achieves to a proper scale (Xiao Li, 2005). Even if local governments put more and more efforts to develop credit guarantee institutions for SMEs, they are still facing many problems. SME credit warranty institutions help out the small and medium enterprise to get multi-funding for capital collection. But too small of the capital scale warranty institutions also cannot assist more in SME financing. In most areas of SME warranty funding is governmental financial funding. Although the government put effort to help out SMEs but it is still far from their needs for warranty funding. SMEs still seek for other credit financial support. Simultaneously, issue small loan and bear higher cost in financing also the problem faced by small warranty funding institutions (Xiao Li, 2005). Commercial banks will not simply recognize the information prepared by warranty institutions. Because of the existing tax revenue, bank management system and information service centre cannot obtain a full business and personal records (Howrey 2011). So, bank has to face more risks in lending loan to SMEs. Interest rates and processing costs In Malaysia, raise in interest rate is one of the problems faced by SMEs. SMEs cannot bear those high interest rates. While commercial banks willing to gain high profits, small and medium sized enterprises will be hard to negotiate low interest rates with them. Commercial banks are rejecting the application of small loans due to high supervision and monitoring costs. Commercial banks judge the SMEs as riskiest borrower because of their insufficient assets to fulfill requirement, low capitalization and high mortality rates. For this situation, to raise the fixed and working capital from commercial banks is harder. According to Fazlur (2011), SME face difficulties because of the bank reluctance provide loans to them. Many banks are unwilling issue loans to them because of high processing costs and monitoring costs. In addition, interest rates for SME loans are high due to the high processing costs. But CEO of Unique Trust, Capt rtd Prince Kofi Amoabeng said that they must express disapproval the government to take some decisions to force interest rates down, because low interest rates will lead to the banks stop loan to the SME sector so SME is going to suffer. Therefore, they all have to go to the non-bank financial institutions where they would be given the loans at even higher interest rates (Fidel Amoah, 2011). Poor documentation and management Malaysian SMEs are always regarded as higher risk borrower because of their poor documentation. SMEs have no lucrative projects, low quality, real estate title deed is not clear, no clear business aims and succession business plans, and no available credit history. Besides that, small and medium sized enterprises unable to give necessary documentation like financing accounting and track records for application of credit facilities. Due to that heavy documentation needed by commercial bank so they will delay the processing of application loan(Gloria, 2010). In India, small and medium enterprises suffer losses in their business so they always provide bad track record for application loans. Besides that, SMEs seldom have a long history so they usually hard to get loan (Gandhi, 2011). According to Executive Director of First Banc Mawuli Hedo, it is possible to reduce the rate of bank facilities but majority of the SMEs do not provide proper documentation (Obeng-Sakyi Sobgbodjor, 2010). In Thailand, the major obstruction for SMEs is facing several financial problems which include trouble in debts and lack of working capital. SMEs have facing problem in obtaining loan from domestic commercial banks especially in business of handicraft products. They have deficient plant and equipment and do not use standard accounting procedures. (Arunee and Anongnart, 2000). From the SMEs opinion, they have been complained that shortage of information and guidance provide by commercial banks, complication and trouble related to credit facilities application procedure, insufficient requirement of SMEs, high interest rates charged, and lack of collateral are the major problem access to finance (Sinswat and Subhan, 2010). From the commercial banks point of view, the main obstructions for loaning to SMEs consist of lack of collateral provided by SMEs, inadequate business experience, poor management, untrustworthy accounting system, no business plan, no long credit provided, high transaction and operational costs per SME loan application (Sinswat and Subhan, 2010). In China, most SMEs companies financial performance is not satisfactory by commercial banks. SMEs companies always with low level of average profit because they are in high competitive industries. In addition, their bankruptcy rate is very high for the reason that they are easily affected by business environment, sensitive to the effects of variables and risk. They have poor supervision and sense of credit. As such, after suffering from a huge loss, SMEs normally cannot raise any corrective measures. They attempt to be delayed the payment for interests and principle and let the lending bank suffer the loss. Furthermore, SMEs is difficult to meet the requirement or condition in the way of operation scale and business capacity due to the present credit assessment system is set for large size enterprises (Xiao Li, 2003). With unofficial financial accounting and poor management, so SMEs unable to meet the bank collateral conditions and guarantees due to commercial banks offer most of mortgages loans is secured by real estate. As most SME loan is an urgent require for capital due to short-term liquidity stress, for term of revolving credit cannot be correctly measured and the probability of overdue payback is relatively high. Commercial banks have problems to assess SMEs production business when confront with such complicated SME market (Yanan Chao, 2010). Rejecting Loan Application In Malaysia, if refer to the form of cash flow in SME Company, know that inability to generate cash to repay the loan, commercial banks automatically will rejecting loan application (Banking Info, 2003). SMEs will face problem in obtaining loan such as the commercial banks rejecting loan application, the general reason include poor credit history, inadequate capital commitment, inadequate supporting documents, unacceptable financial problem, lack of financial information and doubtful repayment ability. Besides that, the borrower is the high risk enterprises which overdependence on a single purchaser or dealer (SMI/SME Business Directory Malaysia, 2010). HSBC Bank Malaysia Bhd managing director Thomas Varughese said that the top issues to reject loan application is the applicant do not provided enough financial information. Besides that, SMEs do not perform well in managing their financial position. Another issue for rejecting loan application is the poor credit history for the enterprises, director and guarantors. (Kian Seong, 2010). Reduce the facility In Malaysia, Banking info (2003) recorded that commercial banks perform periodical review of their credit risk profile of existing loans and based on this assessment, if their assessment proves a high default risk profile, the commercial banks will reduce the amount of credit facility. In India, if the SME companies without increasing the security, commercial banks will maintain or reduce the credit facilities (Aditi, 2005). In Singapore, Hng Kiang (2009) said that the SMEs credit facility from commercial banks is secured by strong collateral, but they also will reduce the credit facility during the recession period.

Ishmael Essay -- essays research papers

Ishmael The book Ishmael, which was written by Daniel Quinn, is an adventure for the human mind and for society as a whole. Throughout the book Quinn explores many factual scientific principals, but the intent of the book is not to give one a lecture on science. The intentions of Quinn are to discuss and examine the beginnings and also the history of our ecologically dominating culture in which we live in. In this book, Ishmael is a telepathic, highly educated gorilla who explores with his fifth pupil the stories of the Takers and the Leavers. The Takers is a society in which man has freed himself from living day to day, through this wondering if he will be able to find food tomorrow. Takers believe that through technology they can achieve a perfect world where no one suffers from hunger, disease, and poverty. Ishmael though points out that through this search for this perfect world that this has lead to the desecration of the Leaver culture and a decline in community diversity; humanity mus t find a different way to live. The Leavers are a different culture with a different outlook than the Takers. The Leavers live within their means and do not exempt themselves from the laws of competition. From Ishmael, â€Å"The Leaver lifestyle it’s about letting the rest of the community live---and agriculturalists can do that† (Quinn 250). Leavers see the world before the humans as orderly, and in perfect working condition. As a result of the Leavers not producing excessive food their numbe...

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INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE STUDENT INFORMATION MEETING JANUARY 18, 2010, 6:45 P. M. THEATRE I. What is the International Baccalaureate (IB and Pre-IB) II. What is the Nature of the IB Programme? III. The Six Major Areas of Study in the IB and Pre-IB Programmes: Courses Offered at Richmond High IV. Details of the Curriculum V. Choosing and Selecting a Diploma VI. Possible Diploma Options: Examples VII. Why do IB? VIII. What do Students Learn, and What Leads to Success? IX. How do Colleges and Universities Recognize IB Courses and the IB Diploma X. Some Facts and Common Sense Ideas About the IB ProgrammeIBO mission statement The International Baccalaureate Organization aims to develop inquiring, knowledgeable and caring young people who help to create a better and more peaceful world through intercultural understanding and respect. To this end the IBO works with schools, governments and international organizations to develop challenging programmes of international education and rigoro us assessment. These programmes encourage students across the world to become active, compassionate and lifelong learners who understand that other people, with their differences, can also be right. RHS mission statementWe strive to do our best by creating an inclusive learning community through supporting and caring for one another. IB LEARNER PROFILE The aim of all IB programmes is to develop internationally minded people who, recognizing their common humanity and shared guardianship of the planet, help to create a better and more peaceful world. IB learners strive to be: INQUIRERS: They develop their natural curiosity. They acquire the skills necessary to conduct inquiry and research and show independence in learning. They actively enjoy learning and this love of learning will be sustained throughout their lives.KNOWLEDGEABLE:They explore concepts, ideas and issues that have local and global significance. In so doing, they acquire in-depth knowledge and develop understanding acro ss a broad and balanced range of disciplines. THINKERS:They exercise initiative in applying thinking skills critically and creatively to recognize and approach complex problems, and make reasoned, ethical decisions. COMMUNICATORS:They understand and express ideas and information confidently and creatively in more than one language and in a variety of modes of communication. They work effectively and willingly in collaboration with thers. PRINCIPLED:They act with integrity and honesty, with a strong sense of fairness, justice and respect for the dignity of the individual, groups and communities. They take responsibility for their own actions and the consequences that accompany them. OPEN-MINDED:They understand and appreciate their own cultures and personal histories, and are open to the perspectives, values and traditions of other individuals and communities. They are accustomed to seeking and evaluating a range of points of view, and are willing to grow from the experience.CARING:Th ey show empathy, compassion and respect towards the needs and feelings of others. They have a personal commitment to service, and act to make a positive difference to the lives of others and to the environment. RISK-TAKERS:They approach unfamiliar situations and uncertainty with courage and forethought, and have the independence of spirit to explore new roles, ideas and strategies. They are brave and articulate in defending their beliefs. BALANCED:They understand the importance of intellectual, physical and emotional balance to achieve personal well-being for themselves and others.REFLECTIVE:They give thoughtful consideration to their own learning and experience. They are able to assess and understand their strengths and limitations in order to support their learning and personal development. I. What is the International Baccalaureate (IB)? †¢ The International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IB) is a rigorous preuniversity programme leading to assessment in six subject areas. †¢ Established in 1968, the IB offers a challenging curriculum noted for its depth and international perspective. †¢ The two-year IB Diploma provides a coherent and demanding educational experience across the full curriculum. Beyond completing college-level courses and examinations, IB students are also required to engage in community service (CAS), individual research (EE), and inquiry into the nature of knowledge (TOK). †¢ The IB Diploma is accepted as an admission credential at universities in 106 countries. †¢ In addition, high scores on IB exams often entitle students to credit or placement at university. In some cases students will get first year credit. †¢ The International Baccalaureate (IB) offers high quality programmes of international education to a worldwide community of schools.There are more than 758,000 IB students at 2,750 schools in 138 countries. II. What is the nature of the IB programme? a. Has the strengths of a traditional and broad c urriculum. b. Three important additional features: 1. Theory of Knowledge (TOK): is an interdisciplinary requirement intended to stimulate critical reflection on the knowledge and experience gained inside and outside the classroom. The course challenges students to question the bases of knowledge, to be aware of subjective and ideological biases and to develop the ability to analyze evidence that is expressed in rational argument.TOK  is a key element in encouraging students to appreciate other cultural perspectives. 2. Creativity, action, service (CAS): The IBO’s goal is to educate the whole person and foster responsible, compassionate citizens. The CAS programme encourages students to share their energy and special talents with others. Students may, for example, participate in theatre or musical productions, sports and community service activities. 3. An extended essay of 4,000 words: Each student has the opportunity to investigate a topic of special interest.The essay re quirement acquaints diploma candidates with the kind of independent research and writing skills expected by universities. The IB Programme leads (to): †¢ interdisciplinary learning †¢ critical reflection †¢ questioning the bases of knowledge †¢ students to an appreciation of other cultural perspectives †¢ an education of the whole person (CAS) †¢ sharing energy and special talents with others †¢ independent research †¢ the demanding writing skills expected by universities III. SIX MAJOR AREAS OF STUDY IN THE IB PROGRAMME: COURSES OFFERED AT RICHMOND HIGH Group 1: Language A1 English A1 (HL) and English A1 (SL) †¢ Several Self-Taught (ST) Languages: Spanish, Yoruba, Chinese, Russian, etc. If a student is fluent (speaking and writing) in a language other than English, she may take a self-taught language. Group 2: Language B †¢ French B (SL) and French B (HL) †¢ Japanese B (SL) and Japanese B (HL) †¢ Mandarin B (SL) and Mandar in B (HL) †¢ Spanish B (SL) and Spanish B (HL) Group 3: Individuals and Societies †¢ Geography (HL) and Geography (SL) †¢ History (of the Americas) (HL) †¢Business and Management (HL and SL) †¢ ITGS (HL, SL) (Pre-requisite: IT 10)Group 4: Experimental Sciences †¢ Biology (HL) and Biology (SL) †¢ Chemistry (HL) and Chemistry (SL) †¢ Physics (SL) Group 5: Mathematics †¢ Mathematical Studies (SL) †¢ Mathematics (SL) †¢ Mathematics (HL) Group 6: The Arts and Electives †¢ Music (SL) and (HL) †¢ Theatre Arts (HL) and Theatre Arts (SL) †¢ Visual Arts (HL) and Visual Arts (SL) IV. DETAILS OF THE CURRICULUM The International Baccalaureate programme consists of courses in six major areas of study. Each course may be offered at the I. Standard level (SL), which involves approximately 200 hours of instruction, r at the II. Higher level (HL), which involves approximately 300 hours of instruction. Universities give credit and/o r placement for HL courses. An HL course is the equivalent of a first year university course. Many of our students get credit/placement for 3 HL courses. Each course credit is worth approximately $700-$800. Upon completion of any individual course the student receives a certificate from IBO and the course is recorded on the provincial graduation certificate with the special designation â€Å"IB†. V. CHOOSING/SELECTING A DIPLOMA In selecting a diploma a student must select a course from each of the six course groups. †¢ The only exception to this is that Group 6 may be skipped, and a second course from any of the other Groups may be chosen instead. †¢ A student may take as many as 4 HL courses, but no fewer than 3. †¢ A student may take as many as 3 SL courses, but no fewer than 2. VI. Programme Options: a. ONE DIPLOMA OPTION English A1 (HL) History (HL) Chemistry (HL) Math Methods (SL) French B (SL) Physics (SL) Extra: Biology (SL) b. ANOTHER DIPLOMA OPTION Man darin B (HL) History (HL) Chemistry (HL)English A1 (SL) Physics (SL) Math Methods (SL) c. ANOTHER DIPLOMA OPTION English A1 (HL) French B(HL) History (HL) Theatre (HL) Biology (SL) Math Studies (SL) d. ANOTHER DIPLOMA OPTION Geography (HL) Biology (HL) Visual Arts (HL) Spanish B (SL) Math Methods (SL) English A1 (SL) e. ANOTHER DIPLOMA OPTION English A1 (HL) Visual Arts (HL) Geography (HL) Spanish ST (SL) Math Studies (SL) Biology (SL) f. ANOTHER DIPLOMA OPTION Mandarin B (HL) Mathematics (HL) English A1 (HL) Geography (HL) Physics (SL) Biology (SL) Extra:ITGS (SL) VII. Why Do IB? A. A High Level of RecognitionUniversities in 102 countries welcome IB Diplomas as well as individual courses for admission, placement, and credit purposes. Individual IB courses are recognized as signifying a student’s rigorous preparation in an academic discipline; the IB Diploma signifies such preparation in all six academic disciplines, service to community, and development of an international p erspective. B. Fair and balance Assessment Using International Standards IB assessment is of many types, occurs several times over the usual two-year duration of IB courses, and includes the classroom teacher as a partner.IB students’ work is assessed by several examiners whose assessments are carefully moderated by an international examining board. IB teachers receive detailed formal feedback on every aspect of their students’ IB assessment each year. C. A Remarkable Degree of Flexibility IB curricula and examinations are available in IBO’s three official languages of English, Spanish, and French. The IB Diploma offers schools a wide variety of courses, teachers a wide choice of topics, and students a wide variety of assessments and areas of specialization. D. Commitment to Authorized SchoolsSchools must undergo an exhaustive application process for authorization to offer courses. Once authorized, schools are required to participate in IB professional developme nt on a regular basis and to be reviewed every five years by the appropriate regional IBO office. VIII. What do students learn, and what leads to success? †¢ self-awareness †¢ self-understanding †¢ self-regulation †¢ personal decision making †¢ managing feelings †¢ handling stress †¢ empathy †¢ communication/participation †¢ personal and social responsibility †¢ group dynamics †¢ conflict resolution individual growth †¢ world citizenship †¢ self-esteem †¢ moral responsibility †¢ self-reflection †¢ personal self-evaluation WHICH LEADS TO †¢ focus/concentration †¢ resourcefulness †¢ flexibility †¢ interest in process and results †¢ pace/steadiness †¢ responsibility/hard work AND †¢ writing skills †¢ thinking skills †¢ oral skills †¢ time-management skills AND †¢ marks IX. How do Colleges and Universities Recognize International Baccalaureate Courses an d the IB Diploma? †¢ IB has largely succeeded in its goal to be a universally recognized admissions credential. Specific agreements are in place with ministries of education and universities in 104 countries that recognize the IB Diploma as a valid means of earning entry to postsecondary study. †¢ The IB Diploma is increasingly being viewed as a strong indicator of academic promise and achievement. †¢ IB students often have an advantage in the admissions process at selective universities. †¢ In addition, IB courses and exams are recognized for the purpose of advanced credit and/or placement at over 900 North American colleges and universities. In fact, over a 100 postsecondary institutions now grant a full year of credit to students who have earned an IB Diploma. For a directory university recognition and policies, please use the following link: http://www. ibo. org/diploma/recognition/directory/index. cfm X. SOME FACTS/COMMON SENSE IDEAS ABOUT THE IB PROGRAMME à ¢â‚¬ ¢ There are three programmes, which are structured as follows: 1. Primary Years Programme:K-Grade 5 2. Middle Years Programme:Grade 6-Grade 10 3. Diploma Programme:Grade 11-Grade 12 †¢ Each of these programmes is an integrated programme. Thus the IB Diploma Programme is an integrated two year programme. A student taking the IB must complete the two years in it, if the student is to get IB credit for a course or for the complete programme. †¢ The IB programme is recognized by the vast majority of North American/world universities. †¢ The IB Diploma score is recognized for admission and entrance to all B. C. universities/most Canadian universities/most American universities. †¢ IB courses are evaluated on a 1-7 scale. Thus, a 7 represents the equivalent of a middle to a high A (90%-100%). †¢ A top score on a Diploma is 45 points.Last year, worldwide, there were well over 20000 diplomas. Approximately 50 of these achieved a perfect 45 points. †¢ A stu dent must achieve a minimum of 24 points to get a diploma. Also, a student must average a score of 4 in his HL courses. THE INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE AND UBC International Baccalaureate Diploma Students For students who complete the IB Diploma, admission to the university will require a minimum of 24 points, including bonus points. Students who are on a full Diploma programme will get early admission to UBC on the basis of predicted IB scores.IB Diploma students, and IB Certificate students will qualify for Government scholarships on the basis of IB Diploma/Certificate scores. UBC uses an equivalency scale to award a percentage grade based on IB scores. The following grid establishes the equivalency scale: IB Diploma Admission Average Scale Points% 2467 2570 2673 2776 2880 2984 3088 3190 3292 3393 3494 3595 3695 3796 3897 3998 4098 4199 4299. 9 4399. 9 4499. 9 4599. 9 A Diploma student with a predicted score of 30 points will get early admission to SFU. 32 points will provide earl y admission to UBC. International Baccalaureate Certificate StudentsFor students who present results for one or more Higher Level International Baccalaureate certificate courses, admission will be based on the higher of either the school grade or the IB score on equivalent courses. The grade conversion scale that will be used to determine admission is as follows: IBHL Grade% Equivalent 796 690 586 476 370 Credit for equivalent first-year UBC courses will be awarded to students who achieve a grade of at least 5 in Higher Level IB Arts courses, and 6 in Higher Level Science courses. UBC also grants credit for Physics SL. Details are provided in the Undergraduate Information Guide.EARLY ACCEPTANCE SFU, UBC, and UVic give early acceptance, to Diploma holders, on the following basis: 32 point Diploma:$3500 (SFU) 34 point Diploma: $5000 (SFU) UBC will be granting scholarships in 2010 when students get a letter of acceptance to the university. Scholarship money will begin to be offered (mo st likely) at the 33 point level. IBO mission statement The International Baccalaureate Organization aims to develop inquiring, knowledgeable and caring young people who help to create a better and more peaceful world through intercultural understanding and respect.To this end the IBO works with schools, governments and international organizations to develop challenging programmes of international education and rigorous assessment. These programmes encourage students across the world to become active, compassionate and lifelong learners who understand that other people, with their differences, can also be right. RHS mission statement We strive to do our best by creating an inclusive learning community through supporting and caring for one another. RHS CORE VALUES These core values were developed through student and staff focus groups.At Richmond High, we endeavour to live by these values. Value 1We value the traditions that recognize, promote, and encourage all members of the RSS co mmunity to feel pride in what they do (e. g. ) academic excellence, artistic expression, technical excellence, athletic achievement, multiculturalism, community involvement, staff cohesiveness, school spirit, school logo and colours. Value 2We value communication among all members of the RSS community that is based on honesty, equality, integrity and mutual respect.Value 3We value an environment where all members of the RSS community feel safe physically, emotionally, intellectually and socially. Value 4We celebrate the differences among people and promote harmony and equality among members of the RSS community. Value 5We value opportunities for all students to be challenged, to excel and succeed at RSS. Value 6We value the diversity of student learning styles, and recognize that a positive environment enhances learning, and that course content must be made relevant to our students. SCHOOL GOALS These school goals were developed by our School Planning Council.Goal 1Social Responsibi lity To continue and further develop a school community where students are involved as leaders, motivators, and mentors and where they are openly looking after, being responsible for, and making positive connections with one another. Goal 2Literacy To improve and emphasize reading skills which are grade specific and applicable in all subjects. WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF DOING AN IB DIPLOMA? †¢ IB diploma students qualify for early admission on the basis of IB Diploma points at both UBC (32 points) and SFU (30 points).They also qualify for early admission to other provincial, national, and international universities. †¢ IB Diploma students are in a strong position to get scholarships. A student with 36 points (actual points as confirmed by the exams) is guaranteed to get a scholarship at UBC ($4,000); 32 points gives the students $2000, and 30 points $500. At SFU, 34 points will ensure a $5000 scholarship. †¢ IB Diploma students can get B C Government scholarships on the basis of IB Diploma scores. †¢ IB Diploma applicants have their applications reviewed several times. Less tuition needs to be paid (as long as students meet faculty requirements). †¢ IB Diploma students are treated like scholarship students: they are fast tracked. †¢ Conversion/equivalency has not changed, eg. 32 points is the equivalent of 92% average. †¢ It is easier for a student to achieve 32 points than it is for her to achieve a 92% average. †¢ â€Å"I just hope that when people ask an IB student to explain the differences between the regular provincial program and the IB program, he/she can name the most important aspects: time management skills, analytical skills† (Ricky Pak). In addition to what Ricky says, all representatives mentioned the fact that IB Diploma students have superior research and writing skills, and oral skills. †¢ IB Diploma students have the highest retention rates (in other words, fewer students quit during first yea r) at university(in both the US and Canada). †¢ â€Å"IB students who registered directly into 2nd year courses scored an average of 7% to 12% higher than their classmates. † (From UBC brochure about the IB Diploma) †¢ IB Diploma students may qualify for Broadbased Admission (UBC)/Diverse Qualifications (SFU). GPA based on an IB Diploma is sounder because of the solid academic load; there is no â€Å"fluff† in IB. †¢ An IB Diploma recipient will be in the top 10% of his/her graduating class (High School percentile rank). †¢ Admission Officers at universities know of the high academic quality of IB Diploma graduates. †¢ IB’s examination requirements and assessment procedures validate the integrity of student’s performance; there is less of a need to rely on SAT scores. †¢ The Extended Essay and the TOK essays validate the writing and research skills of IB candidates. Participation in an IB Diploma demonstrates that students ac cept rigorous academic challenges. †¢ Participation in the IB strengthens a student’s confidence, social sophistication, grace, and poise. †¢ CAS provides evidence of the student’s commitment to physical activity, service to the community, and personal creativity. †¢ The IB Diploma assists the student in developing time management, goal setting, and other organizational skills. †¢ Diploma students can get first year credit for up to five courses (at $700 a course, a student could save up to $3500).UVic gives students credit for first year if a student has a 28 point Diploma. †¢ Beginning September 2009, SFU will be granting 30 credits to IB Diploma students who have achieved nothing lower than a 4 in their May IB exams. †¢ Achievement across a range is still thought to be a better indicator of longer term success than A grades in three or four chosen subjects. †¢ Oxford and Cambridge start making offers to IB Diplomas at 38 points. â € ¢ â€Å"I am glad that I chose to pursue and â€Å"stay† in IB diploma. I felt a bit proud for not giving up and writing countless BIG essays! † (IB Diploma Graduate, 2002) ———————–The English programme is international. The perspective of the curriculum is global rather than local. Consequently, students study literature from other continents and languages as they develop their understanding of a literary theme and analyze historical events from a broad geographical perspective. The intention is not only to broaden the student's base of knowledge but also to promote a sense of the universality of learning. This sense of the universality of learning is addressed, in as far as it is possible, in every single course, but particularly so in the TOK and the Language A (English) courses.

Rochester Castle Stuff

Rochester Castle Stuff Rochester CastleAim: To see how castles developed through timeI think the motte and bailey castle must have been built first as it is wooden and stone and brick wouldn't have been used at that time for building castles. It would have been much quicker and much easier to build a motte and bailey than build a stone castle. It would have rotted and the wood could be burnt.The next building would be the square stone keep (source 1). It is a very simple square building. The keep is the main building in a castle. The walls are about 5 metres thick because, people didn't use guns as weapons-they used catapults. The walls could take the boulders hitting it for quite a while.The windows are small so, archers can't shoot into there. The windows get wider as they go in so, someone can defend the castle through the windows.Remains of a Norman motte and bailey castle at the...

We Must Fight essays

We Must Fight essays The 2004 election had an incredible turn out in regards in voters and minority voters. Majority of the new voters were 18-30 and African American. My self-being an 18 year-old black male it was stressed for me to vote. A lot of entertainers tried to get their fans to vote such as Sean P. Diddy, Jamie Fox and Tom Cruise. To my knowledge the majority of the minority votes went to John Kerry and Edwards. This election has made republications the rulers of the U.S., because of the power they hold in the House of Repersinvaites and the Senate. Im worried that with all the efforts everyone did to reach the minority youth and it was not to make a difference that the youth will defer from voting. In this year election was greatly affected by the youth of America. Many young people voted for the first time this year. All of my friends voted and some for the first time this year a few of them are nineteen. Many nineteen to twenty-two year-olds voted, for the first time. As soon as I walked on Benedict Colleges campus they were in our face about registering to vote. I was also encouraged to vote by my mother, uncle and some teachers. A couple of songs by shoe hip-hop artists were made this year about the election and voting. These artists are among the elite hip-h artists in the business. P. Diddy, a rapper/producer lead a movement to vote called Vote or Die, he was the number one in leading the youth to the voting polls. Some actors helped also such as Jamie Fox and Tom Cruise. All of the people I know voted for Kerry and Edwards. The majority of the people who come to this school voted for the Democratic Party. Since Bush has won and the republicans have the majority in the House and the Senate was does the Democratic Partys voice get heard at? No, where for at least two more years. It seems that the party for the people has became the minotoiry party. ...

Police kill dog Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Police kill dog - Essay Example In addition, there are also various consequences as well issues that accompany the killings. Finally, there are various steps that may be taken to remedy the situation which may be at times encumbered by various complications. Police presence is inevitable in our lives because of increased crimes and thus lack of training on how they should handle pets is quite a concern. It is vital to acknowledge that the police are at the epitome of peace keeping hence we cannot survive without their presence. As Aveni articulates, â€Å"the wars on drugs, war on terrorism have stepped up their presence in our lives as well†¦ and then the police officers end up encountering family pets (Webner & Sostek).† However, as regards to exercise of their duty, the killing of dogs has made them very unpopular with the citizens. This raises the query of just how trained are these officers with regards to what they should do as well as what they should not in the exercise of their duty. Most police officers do not have sufficient training on how to handle pets. This is the major reason granted as to why there has been recurrent pet killings emanating from the police. As Thomas Aveni puts it â€Å"Most police departmen ts dont train officers to deal with pet dogs† it is clear that this really counts with relation to the killings (Webner & Sostek). In fact, it is quite clear that in most police departments, the issue of training the police so as to be able to handle dogs is rarely talked about (Webner & Sostek). Moreover, most of the police departments always offer training on ways one may apply force when dealing with people but majorly fail to offer any training when it comes to handling pets. It is for this reason that most of these officers do not know how to handle aggressive dogs that try distracting them when in duty and thus end up killing them (Somin). On the contrary, officers who have

Oxaliplatin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Oxaliplatin - Essay Example This was developed following discovery of cisplatin in an attempt to reduce the problematic side effects of cisplatin. This is administered intravenously, and till date, no commercially viable orally active agent has been reported to be accepted for therapy3,4. Like cisplatin, oxaliplatin is also associated with quite a few dose-limiting adverse effects, which include myelosuppression along with others5. These are neurotoxic side effects that include sensory peripheral neuropathy which can be dose limiting. The other side effects include gastrointestinal disturbances and ototoxicity, while renal function may be normally monitored during therapy6. In this assignment contemporary literature will be reviewed to address the effects of oxaliplatin genotoxicity on human lymphocytes by using various cytogenetic techniques. Oxaliplatin contains a cyclohexyl and a pentadilactone ring, which will be evident from its chemical structure in a later section7. This has been approved for treatment of metastatic colon cancer in combination with 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid8. Therefore, this is a diaminocyclohexane (DACH) platinum compound9. This was considered as a probable chemotherapeutic agent since it demonstrated preclinical activities in some cisplatin-resistant cell lines and xenografts10. Oxaliplatin is an important member of this DACH platinum group of compounds. Its preclinical activity against colorectal cancer has been studied in great detail. It has been suggested that oxaliplatin has a greater extent of cell kill in resistant cancers since therapy with this agent may result in greater resistance to repair mechanisms leading to affected recovery of cancer cells11. This has been attributed to the size of the DACH carrier ligands, resulting into a bulkier platinum-DNA adduct in comparison to that created by cisplatin12. The inhibitory effects of platinum compounds have been ascribed to formation of inorganic platinum compounds in presence